Learn/Teach: Kinds of Sentence By Purpose of the Writer/Speaker

Learn/Teach: Kinds of Sentence By Purpose of the Writer/Speaker

INTRODUCTION
To write well in English Language and literature, students and other language and literature learners have to master how to put sentences together. Students have to exercise their writing skills in their exercise books, diaries and other note taking tools. By mastering various grammatical sentence structures, the students and other learners will keep themselves on the right track of professionalism as far as language and literature are concerned. In this article, we will discuss kinds of sentence according to the purpose of the writer or speaker in English Language.

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KINDS OF SENTENCES BY PURPOSE
There are four kinds of sentences according to the purpose or the speaker or writer. They are:
 1.      Declarative Sentence
It's a kind of sentence that makes a statement. It always ends with a full stop or period (.). It has a normal or falling tone.
Examples:
I planted a beautiful flower yesterday.
The President of United Republic of Tanzania is John Pombe Magufuli.
 2.      Interrogative Sentence
It's a kind of sentence that asks a question. It always ends with a question mark(?) and it has a rising tone.
Examples:
Did I plant a beautiful flower yesterday?
Who is the President of the United Republic of Tanzania?
When did Tanganyika get independence?
 3.      Imperative Sentence
An imperative sentence is the kind of sentence that gives a command. It usually ends with a period (.) like declarative sentence. But an imperative sentence may sometimes end with an exclamation mark (!) when the speaker or writer wants to make a strong command.
Examples:
Clean this room.
Bring me that cup.
Stop here!
Come here!
Do ten more push-ups!
Hurry up!
 4.      Exclamation Sentence
This is the kind of sentence that expresses strong emotion of the speaker or writer. It ends with an exclamation mark (!).
Examples:
Wow! You have nice shoes!
I passed the test!
Hooray! We have won!
What a day this has been!

THE TEXT
Ask the student to read the following passage and ask them:
To identify any five declarative sentences
To identify any interrogative sentences
To identify any imperative sentences
To identify any exclamation sentences

Despite the fact that discipline is always a cornerstone to the students' success at school, colleges, or universities, commitment to the students' goals is important as well. Whether you agree or not, your good discipline is your only way to reach your goals. Despite being intelligent, a student who lacks discipline will make no impact when it comes to studies. I like to advise students that there is a certain point in the life of a person when someone should sacrifice for the better future. One of those points in life is education. The young people like you should sacrifice for your better future through studying hard. Don't ask yourself foolish questions like; will mere ownership of the phone get me expelled from school? How can fighting with my enemies at school get me suspended? Notwithstanding the strength you have, you are always obliged to obey the school rules and regulations. And in order to accomplish your studies, your good discipline is vital. Ask yourself questions: Is it really necessary to have the phone? Is it necessary to fight? Or do I really have the time to waste breaking school rules and regulations? Although you may make various mistakes at school, you will still have the chance to learn from your mistakes and swear not to repeat the same mistakes for one more time. As a student, you have to spend your time studying or refreshing your minds in various acceptable activities like sports and games. Teachers and students should cooperatively work together. So, students should make sure they follow teacher’s guidance properly. Though teachers teach you, you and your parents, should work cooperatively. You can consult them any time before deciding on the things that can retard your progress at school. Being a student does not free you from committing human mistakes, but it is possible to refrain from doing bad things at school for the sake of your future. Although teachers are your guides at school, you still need your own commitment to school rules and laws. Stop misbehaving! Stay calm and committed. Your success is at your own hands. You may choose to succeed or fail by your own decisions.
GROUP QUESTIONS
Ask students to form four groups. First groups should discuss five declarative sentences, the second group identify and discusses any interrogative sentences, the third group identifies and discusses any imperative sentences, and the fourth group identifies and discusses any exclamation sentences. The answers of each group should be presented before the class and the class should ask questions from the presenting group in case they need more clarification on the presented answers.
Note: A teacher can use any text that can be appropriate and use it to test students on identifying the particular sentence structures. The teacher should scan the text first to see if it contains the right or target grammatical practice for students. It may be a passage from the newspapers, and online content, or any excerpt of the book.
CONCLUSION
The writing process starts when you start thinking about writing. You think about the subject, about the words, about the kind of writing (description, composition, letter, e-mail, report, essay), about the best way to put the words together.

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Resources

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Emmanuel Kachele

Emmanuel Kachele is a founder and Blogger of KACHELE ONLINE Blog, an educational blog where 'O' Level English - 'OLE', 'A' Level English (ALE) and other related teaching and life skills are shared extensively. This is an online center for all Tanzanian Secondary School English Language students and teachers (Forms I-VI) and all interested English Language learners and teachers worldwide.

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