Word, Phrase, Clause and Sentence

Word, Phrase, Clause and Sentence



Word, Phrase, Clause and Sentence
The following is a grouping of word units and sentences in English language and in most languages as well:

1. Word
A word is the smallest meaningful unit in language.
Examples of words:
- Word
- Sentence
- Fish
- Michael
- Coca-Cola


2. Phrase
A phrase is a single piece of information made up of more than one word. It does not contain a subject and a verb.
Examples of phrases:
- An ambiguous word.
- A correct sentence
- A two foot-fish
- Troublesome Michael
- Sweet Coca-Cola drink
- On the table


3. Clause
A clause is a single piece of information made up of more than one word which contains a subject and a verb.
Examples of clauses dependent clauses:
- If you use an ambiguous word....
- Although it is a correct sentence...
- When we caught a two foot-fish....
- Even if Michael passed exams.....
- Unless you buy me sweet Coca-Cola drink.....

Examples of clauses independent clauses:
- No one will understand you.
- It does not convey the complete thought.
- We threw it in the big boat.
- He will not go to the college.
- I won't tell you anything.


Note: A clause that stands alone as a sentence is known as an independent clause. A clause that cannot stand alone is known as dependent or subordinate clause.

4. Sentence
A sentence conveys a complete idea. It contains at least one clause.
A sentence is also defined as a word or a group of words that expresses a complete idea. A sentence is the largest unit of grammar in any language.
A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.
Examples of sentences:
- Come here!
- I'm not sure about it.
- She's my daughter.
- The President is visiting us today.
- We caught a big fish yesterday in Lake Tanganyika.
- When we were fishing, we caught a huge fish.
- The President will arrive soon.
- You should get ready now because the President will arrive soon.


5. Simple Sentence
A simple sentence is a short sentence with basic elements that make it a sentence. These basic elements are: subject, a verb, and a completed thought.
Examples of simple sentences:
- They waited for me.
(This sentence has "Joe" as a subject, "waited" as a verb, and it has a complete thought.)
- The bus was late.
- Mary and Sam took the bus.
- I looked after the baby.
- They arrived at the bus station early but they waited until noon for the bus.


6. Compound Sentence
A compound sentence is a sentence made up of at least two independent clauses. It is mostly joined by coordinating conjunctions.
Examples of compound sentences:
- We caught a big fish and we cooked it.
- No one cares about me. But they need me.
- A teacher arrived, and we stopped making noises.
- We may win or we may lose.


7. Complex Sentence
A complex sentence is an independent clause supported by at least one other clause.
Examples of complex sentences:
- When the teacher arrived, we stopped making noises.
- If you use an ambiguous word, no one will understand you.
- Although it is a correct sentence, it does not convey the complete thought. 
- When we caught a two foot-fish, we threw it in the big boat. 
- Even if Michael passed exams, he would not go to the college. 
- Unless you buy me sweet Coca-Cola drink, I won't tell you anything. 


Note: We'll learn more about sentences and other types of sentences later in this course.

REFERENCE
https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/phrase.htm

GET THE PARTS OF SPEECH BOOK ("Elevate your Basic English Grammar: Parts of Speech")  (pdf) for TZS 2,000/= Only Or the THE FULL GRAMMAR BOOK ("Elevate Your Basic English Grammar") (pdf) for TZS 8,000/= Only. 

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See Also:

ENGLISH STRUCTURE QUESTIONS:

[1] Academic Words Questions 1 - 50

[2] Academic Words Answers 1 - 50

[3] Adjective Questions 1 – 50

[4] Adjective Answers 1 - 50

[5] Adjective Questions 51 – 100

[6] Adjective Answers 51 - 100

[7] Adverbs Questions 1 – 50

[8] Adverb Answers 1 – 50

[9] Article Questions 1 - 50

[10] Article Answers 1 – 50

[11] Conjunction Questions 1 – 50

[12] Conjunction Answers 1 – 50

[13] Vocabulary Questions 1 - 50

[14] Vocabulary Answers 1 - 50

[15] Vocabulary Questions 51 - 100

[16] Vocabulary Answers 51 - 100

[17]  English Grammar questions

[18] 51-100 General Grammar Questions

[19] 51-100 General Grammar Answers

[20] 1-50 General Concessions Questions

[21] 1-50 General Concessions Answers

[22] 1-50 General Sentence Structure Questions

[23] 1-50 General Sentence Structure Answers

[24] 1-50 General Tense Questions

[25] 1-50 General Tense Answers

[26] 1-50 General Literature Questions

[27] 1-50 General Literature Answers

[28] 1-50 General Grammar Questions

[29] 1-50 General Grammar Answers

 

 

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Selected Poems

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Unanswered Cries

Black Hermit

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-This Time Tomorrow

"A Comprehensive Handbook for Ordinary Level Literature" book (PDF)

"A Comprehensive Handbook for Ordinary Level Literature in English" book (PDF)

 

For copies of these books,

CONTACT US:

Call/SMS: +255622 009 566/+255765 884 936

WhatsApp: +255765 884 936

Email: kacheleonline@gmail.com

Social Media: Manny Kachele  

 

 



Emmanuel Kachele

Emmanuel Kachele is a founder and Blogger of KACHELE ONLINE Blog, an educational blog where 'O' Level English - 'OLE', 'A' Level English (ALE) and other related teaching and life skills are shared extensively. This is an online center for all Tanzanian Secondary School English Language students and teachers (Forms I-VI) and all interested English Language learners and teachers worldwide.

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