PRONUNCIATION

For easy mastering of English Pronunciation, every English Language learner have to possess the following pronunciation skills:

ENGLISH ALPHABET

Letter Pronunciation

(1) Aa - /ei/

(2) Bb - /bi:/

(3) CC - /si:/

(4) Dd - /di:/

(5) Ee - /i:/

(6) Ff - /ef/

(7) Gg - /dʒ/

(8) Hh - /eiʧ/

(9) Ii - /ai/

(10) Jj - /dʒei/

(11) Kk - /kei/

(12) Ll - /el/

(13) Mm - /em/

(14) Nn - /en/

(15) Oo - /ou/

(16) Pp - /pi:/

(17) Qq - /kju:/

(18) Rr - /a:r/

(19) Ss - /es/

(20) Tt - /ti:/

(21) Uu - /ju:/

(22) Vv - /vi:/

(23) Ww - /dʌbəlju:/

(24) Xx - /eks/

(25) Yy - /wai/

(26) Zz - /zi/ or /zed/

VOWELS

A vowel is the sound we make when the breath throws out through the mouth freely without being blocked.

The English letters; a, e, i, o, and u are called vowels because they represent such sounds.

English has 12 mouth positions for vowel sounds: /i ɪ e æ ə ɜ ʌ ɑ u ʊ ɔ ɒ/. It’s really important to put the tongue in a different place for each of these.

There 20 vowel sounds in English which are divided into 3 types of vowel sounds:

(A) Pure vowels

Type 1: Long vowel sounds = 7

Type 2: Short vowel sounds = 5

(B) Dipthongs

Type 3: Dipthongs = 8

Total: 20

Thus,

Pure vowels (12)

Dipthongs (8)

Type 1: Long vowels

(1) /a:/ - car, bath, safari

(2) /o:/ - door, saw, walk

(3) /e:/ - bird, work, hurt

(4) /i:/ - sheep, eagle, field

(5) /u:/ - moon, grew, through

Type 2: Short vowels

(1) /I/ - bit, busy, started

(2) /e/ - bed, said, dead

(3) /æ/ - cat, mat, apple

(4) /ʌ/ - cup, up, money

(5) /u/ - good, put, should

(6) /o/ - got, what, because

(7) /ə/ - about, the, police

Type 3: Dipthongs

Dipthong is a vowel sound in which the tongue changes position to produce the sounds of 2 vowels.

(1) /Iə/ - year, bear

(2) /eə/ - chair, there

(3) /əu/ - joke, vote

(4) /ei/ - they, bathe

(5) /aɪ/ - my, dice

(6) /oi/ - joy, noise

(7) /au/ - out, vow

(8) /uə/ - poor, moor

CONSONANTS

Consonant is a sound we make that is not a vowel. The breath is somehow blocked on its way out of the mouth. The English letters: B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, W, Z are called consonants.

There 24 consonant sounds in English which are divided into two types of consonant sounds:

(1) Voiced sounds = 15

(2) Voiceless sounds = 9

Voiced consonants: 15

(1) /b/ - ball, hobby, herb

(2) /d/ - dog, added, played

(3) /dʒ/ - jam, fridge, danger

(4) /g/ - free, hug, league

(5) /v/ - video, move, of

(6) /ð/ - this, with, mother

(7) /z/ - has, cosy, zebra

(8) /ʒ/ - visual, leisure, television

(9) /m/ - man, lamb, tummy

(10) /n/ - no, funny, knife

(11) /n/ - sing, uncle, angry

(12) /j/ - yes, onion, view

(13) /l/ - light, feel, smell

(14) /r/ - right, berry, wrong

(15) /w/ - win, one, where

Voiceless consonants: 9

(1) /p/ - pen, jump, hopping

(2) /t/ - table, little, watched

(3) /ʧ/ - itch, chips, picture

(4) /k/ - ke, car, luck

(5) /f/ - fire, laugh, phone

(6) /th/ - thick, teeth, healthy

(7) /s/ see, city, notice

(8) /ʃ/ - shop, nation, special

(9) /h/ - house, hungry, who

DIGRAPHS

A Digraph is a combination of two letters that make one completely speech sound: 'sh' in 'shoe'.

There are two kinds of digraphs:

(1) Vowel digraphs

(2) Consonant digraphs

Vowel digraphs

(1) /ai/ - rain, main, train, paint

(2) /ay/ - day, stay, play, today

(3) /ea/ - seat, team, read, eat

(4) /ee/ - bee, see, tree, free

(5) /oa/ - road, soap, goat, boat

(6) /ue/ - blue, glue, true, clue

Consonant digraphs

(1) /ch/ - much, chore, each, chair

(2) /ck/ - rock, neck, back, duck

(3) /gh/ - rough, cough, laugh, tough

(4) /kn/ - know, knee, knife, knot

(5) /ll/ - ball, wall, fall, all

(6) /ng/ - sing, ring, king, wing

(7) /ph/ - phone, graph, photo

(8) /qu/ - Quiz, queen, quit, quiet

(9) /sh/ - fish, dish, shoe, ship

(10) /th/ - thing, think, bath, both

(11) /wh/ - who, what, white, whale

(12) /wr/ - write, wrap, wrist, wreck

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